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Limbourg brothers : ウィキペディア英語版 | Limbourg brothers
The Limbourg brothers, or in Dutch ''Gebroeders van Limburg'' (Herman, Paul, and Johan; fl. 1385 – 1416), were famous Dutch miniature painters from the city of Nijmegen. They were active in the early 15th century in France and Burgundy, working in the style known as International Gothic. They created what is certainly the best known late medieval illuminated manuscript, the ''Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry''. ==Uncle Malouel== Around 1398, after their father's death, the brothers were sent for by their uncle Jean Malouel (or Johan Maelwael, ''Jehan Maleuel'' in original French sources), the most important painter for the French and Burgundian courts of the time. Herman and Johan learned the craft of goldsmithing in Paris. At the end of 1399 they were travelling to visit Nijmegen but, owing to a war, they were captured in Brussels. Since their mother could not pay the ransom of 55 gold ''escuz'', the local goldsmiths' guild started to collect the money. Eventually Philip the Bold paid the ransom for the sake of their uncle Malouel, his painter. The two boys were released in May, 1400.
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